Computational fluid dynamics analysis of nozzle used in diesel engine

Abstract

The main aim of the work is to design a hole type nozzle used in a diesel engine. Model of the nozzle is done in Pro/Engineer. Design of the nozzle is changed by changing the diameter of the nozzle and modelled. The flow through diesel fuel injector nozzles is important because of the effects on the spray and the atomization process. Modelling this nozzle flow is complicated by the presence of cavitation inside the nozzles. There are two main types of injector nozzle, hole and pintle. Hole-type nozzles are commonly used in direct injection engines. They can be single-hole, or multi-hole, and they operate at very high pressures, up to 200 atmospheres. They give a hard spray, which is necessary to penetrate the highly compressed air. The fuel has a high velocity and good atomization which is desirable in open combustion chamber engines. CFD analysis is done on both the design to evaluate the heat transfer rate for different velocities. Material used for nozzles is heat treated alloy steel. Modelling is done in Pro/Engineer and CFD analysis is done in ANSYS.