International Journal Of Research In Cancer Therapy

Triptolide induces cytosolic translocation of lysosomal hydrolases and mitochondrial permeabilization in MCF-7 cells

2019-11-04T12:56:56+00:00

Triptolide is a Chinese herb that has been shown to induce apoptosis in various tumor cells. We have previously demonstrated that triptolide induces lysosomal-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These findings are significant because MCF-7 cells lack caspase-3, a key executioner caspase, causing them to be resistant to chemotherapeutics. In the present study, we examine whether triptolide can induce apoptosis by targeting lysosomes and mitochondria. The effects of triptolide on lysosomal membrane integrity, subcellular localization of cathepsin B, mitochondrial localization, and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in MCF-7 cells were assessed via fluorescence microscopy. Acridine orange staining demonstrated that triptolide caused rupture of lysosomal membranes. This effect on disruption of the lysosomal membrane was confirmed by immunofluorescent detection of cathepsin B in the cytosol. MitoTracker Green staining revealed mitochondria limited to the cytosol in control cells while mitochondria were observed in nuclear regions in experimental cells. Triptolide caused depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, as assessed by JC-1 staining. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time in MCF-7 cells that triptolide induces apoptosis by lysosomal- and mitochondrial-dependent pathways. Our study provides a mechanism that may be used to develop novel breast cancer therapies wherein triptolide sensitizes resistant breast cancer cells to cell death.

Review article on the study of artificially induced ovarian torsion and its effects in rat model

2020-07-11T14:30:18+00:00

Ovarian torsion is thought to account for one of the major gynaecological surgical emergencies and is the fifth most common surgical emergency after ectopic pregnancy. As the prevalence of ovarian torsion going day by day, it is important to know that what are the reasons behind this disease, and if possible to avoid them. The objective of this experiment is to review pathophysiology of ovarian torsion. In this shows that, there are increase in oxidative stress markers SOD, CAT (catalase) and decrease in MDA level in ovarian tissue of I/R animal model than the control. The histopathological changes such as vascular congestion, edema, haemorrhage, and follicular degeneration were found to be increased in the I/R group compared to the control group.

Cancer Research in Space

2022-09-06T17:36:19+00:00

We examine the present knowledge in cancer research in this review paper under actual and simulated microgravity circumstances, and we also suggest future study directions in this area. Radiation, microgravity, and vacuum all pose serious risks to human life in space, making it an exceedingly hostile environment. Microgravity has a fascinating role in the carcinogenesis of normal and cancer cells, inducing such effects as multicellular spheroid development, cytoskeleton rearrangement, change of gene expression and protein synthesis, and apoptosis, even though the danger for cancer in astronauts is unclear. Furthermore, it appears that under microgravity, the harmful effects of radiation on cells are amplified. In addition to arduous experiments conducted during parabolic flights or on space stations, ground-based facilities have been employed to examine the effects of microgravity. Some putative "gravisensors" have already been found, and additional research into these mechanosensitive processes may reveal strategies to control cancer cell proliferation and death therapeutically. These cutting-edge discoveries might aid in the development of new, potent cancer therapies as well as the provision of health protection for astronauts on
upcoming long-duration missions and space exploration.

Metastatic breast neuroendocrine tumor from the rectum-a needle in hay stack

2019-05-30T20:38:48+00:00

Neuroendocrine tumors metastazing to the breast are exceedingly rare and account for less than 2% of tumors in the breasts. They are usually initially diagnosed as primary breast carcinoma and the correct treatment is delayed. Accurate preoperative identification of the tumor will result in the avoidance a major surgery including axillary lymphnodal clearance. We here report a case of a metastatic neuroendocrine deposit in the breast following a Laparoscopic Anterior Resection(for neuroendocrine tumor of rectum) and Right Hepatectomy (for synchronous liver metastasis).